華人青少年性格向度的構念檢核：與北美性格向度之異與同

Construct Validation of Chinese Youth Personality Dimensions: Correspondences between Chinese and Western Personality Dimensions

本研究的目的乃探討華人青少年性格向度的構念檢核，以「華人青少年多向度性格量表」為主要工具，特別關注本量表的聚斂與區辨效度，並以不同理論架構所編製的西方性格量表──HEXACO-60與NEO五大性格量表（NEO Five-Factor Inventory, NEO-FFI）──為核心效標，以相關分析與因素分析來檢驗華人多向度性格量表與此兩份性格量表所測得的性格向度之間的聚斂與區辨效度，並展現華人與西方性格之對應關係。本研究自台灣的北、中、南地區的高中職學校招募了兩組參與者：第一組參與者填寫青少年性格量表與HEXACO-60，共有851位；第二組參與者填寫青少年性格量表與NEO-FFI，共有611位。在相關分析與因素分析的結果顯示，熱情樂群、勤奮守際，及悲觀善感等三個華人性格向度分別與西方性格向度中，外向性，嚴謹性，情緒性或者神經質有密切的關聯；而寬容付出及狡詐圖利則分別與HEXACO的和悅性及誠實／謙遜有密切的關聯，這兩個華人性格向度同時與NEOFFI的和悅性有密切的關聯。最後，獨立能幹與正直坦率則與西方性格向度的關聯並不是那麼密切，在西方性格向度中的開放性與華人性格向度並無密切關聯。本文針對研究結果特別就華人性格向度的內涵，與華人及西方性格向度的關係進行討論。

The Chinese personality traits measured by Multidimensional Personality Inventory for Chinese Youth (MPICY) were validated in this study. To validate the dimensions of Chinese personality traits MPICY measured, two sets of etic and Western personality dimensions that were derived from different theoretical frameworks and measured by HEXACO-Personality Inventory 60 (HEXACO-60) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) examined its convergent and discriminant validities. Two groups of participants were recruited from senior high school located at the rural and urban area of Taiwan: one group of participants consisted of 851 senior high school students who filled out MPICY and HEXACO-60, the other group of participants consisted of 611 senior high school students who filled out MPICY and NEOFFI. To validate convergent and discriminant validities of MPICY, one of two foreign personality instruments (HEXACO-60 and NEO-FFI) and MPICY were correlated and analyzed in hierarchical factor analyses. We performed two correlation analyses and two kinds of hierarchical factor analyses with promax rotation. According the results of correlation analyses and factor analyses, three dimensions (extraversion, industriousness, and pessimism) of MPICY were nearly isomorphic with HEXACO and NEO-FFI extraversion, conscientiousness and HEXACO emotionality and NEO-FFI neuroticism. Although MPICY other-orientedness and HEXACO honesty-humility and MPICY and HEXACO agreeableness were highly correspondent respectively, MPICY other-orientedness and agreeableness and NEO-FFI agreeableness grouped together. Large-mindedness and competence (the dimensions of MPICY) and openness to experience (the dimension of HEXACO-60 and NEO-FFI) were separate dimensions not highly correlated with other dimensions. The meaning of Chinese personality traits and the relationships between Chinese personality traits and western personality traits were discussed.