護生對針扎預防行為意圖之研究

A study of the needle stick prevention intention of student nurses

背景：護生是發生針扎事件的高危險群，而針扎事件是職場安全重要的議題。目的：瞭解護生針扎預防行為意圖之現況與影響因素。方法：採橫斷式調查法，以某醫專護理科初次實習護生為研究對象，有效樣本為171份（回收率73.5％）。資料收集內容包括個人基本特質、針扎風險知識、態度、自我效能、焦慮、樂觀偏誤及行為意圖。以描述性統計、相關分析、成對樣本平均數差異考驗（paired t-test）及複迴歸分析（multiple regression analysis）進行統計分析。結果：1.護生對針扎風險知識平均得分為9.3，態度為正向，樂觀偏誤與焦慮的現象存在。2.多數學生自認為有能力、面對針扎事件風險也願意採行預防行為。3.在態度、自我效能和焦慮等變項對針扎預防行為意圖具有顯著的預測力。結論與實務應用：1.本研究結果可作為護生針扎預防教育訓練課程設計之參考。2.未來研究可考慮加入更多男護生，將性別分層，或加入其他學制，亦可將不同年級的實習階段同時探討比較，以分析其中差異性。 Background: Nursing students are at high risk for needle stick injuries. Needle stick injuries is an important issue in hospital. Purpose: To analyze the intention and influencing factors of preventing needle stick injuries among nursing students. Method: This study is a cross-sectional study including nursing students in a nursing college and first training in the hospital. The total valid questionnaires were 171 (overall response rate 73.5%). The questionnaire included characteristics of student, basic knowledge of needle stick injuries, attitudes for needle stick injuries, self-efficacy, anxiety, optimistic bias and behavior intention. Statistical analysis were performed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, paired t-test and multiple regression analysis. Results: The averaged score on knowledge of needle stick injuries was 9.3. Attitude for this issue was positive and anxiety existed for this issue. Nursing students believed to have adequate ability and will to prevent needle stick injuries. Attitude, self-efficacy and anxiety were significantly predictive factors for preventing needle stick injuries. Conclusions and Applications: To face the risk of needle stick injuries, the nursing students are willing to have preventive actions. The results of this study may provide some evidence to design preventive courses of needle stick injuries for nursing students.