清代嘉義沿山地區阿里山社番租的流失——以通事角色為中心

Abolition of Alishan Aborigines' Land Rights in The Chia-yi Hillside Areas during the Qing Dynasty - The Discussion Focused on the role of Tongshi

本文以阿里山歸化生番社為例，探究並分析通事在歸化生番社不同於熟番社之處，以及釐清通事對於阿里山社番租流失的影響，特別是香燈租。透過古文書耙梳和相關文獻分析顯示：一、漢通事對熟番社朘削的情形在通事制度變革，亦即漢通事轉變為番通事後已經減少，但歸化生番由於不諳漢語，漢通事雖然禁革改為番通事，但仍舊高度依賴漢副通事，只是名目不同而已，換句話說，禁革漢通事在歸化生番社並沒有實質效益。二、歸化生番社的通事可能基於番人不識書數不通漢語而一手遮天的處理番地拓墾事宜，甚至擅自主張捐出番地作為廟宇的香燈租土地。三、地方官府甚至和漢副通事聯手以賜予通事職位，慫恿阿里山社土目捐大片山林土地作為嘉義縣官廟城隍廟的香燈之資。亦即，對於阿里山社番租的流失來說，「通事」這個制度與角色的作為是主要原因之一。 This article takes Alishan naturalized Sheng Fan as an example, explores and analyzes the role of Tongshi, who Arbitrarily donated Fan Zu income to the Hans, especially the Xiang Deng Zu. Through the ancient documents and related literature analysis. This article has three research results: First, the situation of Han Tongshi exploitation Shu Fan had improved after change to Fan Tongshi, but in the naturalized Sheng Fan tribe even Han Tongshi had changed to Fan Tongshi, the situation of vice Han Tongshi exploitation naturalized Sheng Fan still existed. Just because naturalized Sheng Fan couldn’t read Chinese, in other words, The transform of Han-Fan Tongshi system which were no real benefits in the naturalized Sheng Fan tribe. Second, the vice Han Tongshi may be based on the aborigines did not understand the Chinese to deal with the issue of Fan Zu, and even arbitrarily advocated the donation of the Xiang Deng Zu for temple's property. Third, the role of Tongshi who is one of the main reasons for the Abolition of Alishan Aborigines' Land Rights.