英文摘要 |
This article discusses the piracy problems which occurred along the coast line from the area of South Eastern China to the border of Vietnam in the nineteenth century and the policies to deal with the problems by the Qing and Nha Nguyen states. In order to shed new light on this research field which was mainly focused on the turn of the Qianlong-Jiaqing period, or just on the cases of Guangdong, Fujian and Zhejiang piracy, this article tries to address the issues which are still puzzling international communities today through investigating piracy problems. To the pirates there was no obvious boundary between the Qing and Nha Nguyen, and the pirates who were wandering in South China Sea sometimes disguised as sea traders or fishermen occupying islands as bases. Therefore, to suppress the vagrant pirate activities it needed two governments to cooperate in official correspondence and patrol of both navies regularly. However, in the mid-nineteenth century navies of both states were incapable of capturing pirates, leading to, on the one hand, the appearance of Qing-Chinese private professional pirate-hunters who often crossed the borders to do the job, and, on the other hand issues regarding the right of territorial sea and jurisdictional problems. Piracy thus became official affairs of negotiation between the two states. |