二十世紀前半葉印尼伊斯蘭的發展：宗教－政治的論述

The Development of Indonesian Islam during the First Half of the Twentieth Century: a Politico-Religious Discourse

This article discusses the interaction between foreign and domestic influences on the development of Indonesian Islam during the first half of the 20th century. It focuses on Indonesian Islam during the period of the rise of nationalist sentiment and the transition to independence-encompassing the final decades of Dutch colonization, the brief Japanese occupation, and the early years of the Indonesian Republic. This essay argues that this distinct interplay between foreign and domestic influences shaped the unique flavour of Indonesian Islam. The influences of communist Soviet policies, the issue of Pan-Islamism, and Japanese policies during the occupation period in the development of Islam are identified as factors responsible for profound changes in Indonesian Islam and its great influence on Indonesian society today. 本論文主旨在解析二十世紀前半葉間，印尼伊斯蘭發展歷史過程，其國外與國內影響因素的交互關係。本論文著重於在此期間（含括荷蘭殖民的最後階段、日本短暫的佔領，以及印尼獨立建國初期），因為民族主義情緒的興起，以及轉入獨立狀態下印尼伊斯蘭的變化發展。在此前提下論證此國內、外突出因素的交互作用影響了印尼「伊斯蘭發展特色。蘇維埃共產主義政策、泛伊斯蘭主義議題、日本短暫殖民期的政策等因素被認知為造成印尼伊斯蘭大大改變的因素；相對地，這些因素也形塑了伊斯蘭在今日印尼社會中的重大影響力。