還原失蹤的元音－－排灣語「元音刪除」語法探究及其符號表記芻議

To Restore the Omitted Vowel: An Inquiry on ＂Vowel Elision＂ and its Marking Proposal in Paiwan Language

筆者為豐富排灣語讀物，近加入排灣語書寫行列之中，參考諸排灣語著作時，發現熟悉排灣語之作者，書寫排灣語時，均以直接反應口語實態之方式記音寫詞，以致於許多應該在語法上存在的元音音位，皆因口語習慣而消失在書寫之中。由於整理語法規則以便提供學習者參考之故，筆者注意到「元音刪除」的現象。我們共同認為口語中因為「同元音相鄰，其中一音會遭刪除」，以及「元音e[□]刪除」的現象，是源於口語習慣造成。由於消失的音位仍在，其音位與排灣語之構詞變化息息相關，所以，筆者從語法規則的角度論證，認為書寫時不應該省略不予表記，以免學習者（非自然情境下學習排灣語者）產生困惑與障礙。然而，應該採取何種適當的符號加以表記此一特殊語變化的現象為佳？筆者特參考研究排灣語之先進們對此一現象的看法，但是，我們發現各家討論有詳有簡，且均以語言分析為目的，未有機會實際參與族語教學與書寫創作等工作，所以未及討論口語轉化到文字符號系統運用時產生的問題。又各家使用之符號表記方式均異，為求閱讀簡明便利，以及容易理解語法結構，筆者特就符號表記方式提出建議，以供各界酌參，期盼能在排灣語教學及書寫符號一致化的事功上有所貢獻。 Successive years of progressive and devoted study by the authors culminated in a detailed compilation of the Paiwan language. It's purpose to enrich Paiwan reading amongst our ethnic fellows. Our research and references highlighted many Paiwan writings were sourced by dictation and transcribed from oral to written form, consequently transfering oral ＂vowel elisions＂ leading to omission of grammatically existing vowels in written forms. By sorting out linguistic regulation to provide detailed rules for learners, the authors further analyze the ＂vowel elision phenomenon and both agree the consecutive identical vowel elision and ＂vowel e[□] elision＂ were attributed to oral habit in colloquial language, The dropped vowel leaves behind a phoneme which is closely related to Paiwan wordbuilding structure. Therefore, the authors suggest it necessary to mark the vowel elision to avoid (non-natural environment Paiwan language learners) confusion and obstacle. However, what is the best way to mark this specific vowel elision phenomenon? The authors traced precedent researchers viewpoints but found them all aimed at linguistic analysis, Their lack of ethnic language instruction and text compilation experiences lead to practical problems on oral to written conversion. Furthermore, different authors adopt various marking forms. This paper proposes an easy reading and comprehension marking system. It is hoped that this proposal might contribute to Paiwan language instruction and integration of marking system in the long run.

Successive years of progressive and devoted study by the authors culminated in a detailed compilation of the Paiwan language. It's purpose to enrich Paiwan reading amongst our ethnic fellows. Our research and references highlighted many Paiwan writings were sourced by dictation and transcribed from oral to written form, consequently transfering oral ＂vowel elisions＂ leading to omission of grammatically existing vowels in written forms. By sorting out linguistic regulation to provide detailed rules for learners, the authors further analyze the ＂vowel elision phenomenon and both agree the consecutive identical vowel elision and ＂vowel e[□] elision＂ were attributed to oral habit in colloquial language, The dropped vowel leaves behind a phoneme which is closely related to Paiwan wordbuilding structure. Therefore, the authors suggest it necessary to mark the vowel elision to avoid (non-natural environment Paiwan language learners) confusion and obstacle. However, what is the best way to mark this specific vowel elision phenomenon? The authors traced precedent researchers viewpoints but found them all aimed at linguistic analysis, Their lack of ethnic language instruction and text compilation experiences lead to practical problems on oral to written conversion. Furthermore, different authors adopt various marking forms. This paper proposes an easy reading and comprehension marking system. It is hoped that this proposal might contribute to Paiwan language instruction and integration of marking system in the long run.