原住民族與災害管理－－以加拿大為例

Indigenous Peoples and Disaster Management: A Study of the Canadian Experience

國際間關於災害的研究，近年來逐漸意識到社會系統和生態系統之整體思考的重要性，發展出階段循環的災害管理模式，且開始有結合原住民知識於災害管理之制度設計的嘗試。我國之災害管理政策自2000年之後也呼應國際思潮，採取階段循環模型的概念，但是對於原住民族和災害管理的關係則仍少有探討，本文從聯合國關於原住民族與災害管理的討論出發，並以加拿大為例，探討其災害管理政策之演變、對於原住民族社會特殊處境的認識，以及晚近在災害管理制度中結合原住民族知識的努力，以期助益我國原住民族相關災害管理政策之思考。 The studies of disaster management in the global society have gradually acknowledge the importance of holistic approach that considers both the social and ecological systems. It also developed the concept of disaster management cycle, and the paradigm to incorporate indigenous knowledge in the disaster management regime. In Taiwan, the disaster management policy follows many of the transition, however, doesn't pay enough attention to the relation between indigenous people and disaster management. Aiming to provide reflection for the disaster management policy in Taiwan, this paper retraces the discussion in United Nations, and exams the experience in Canada, including the transition of the disaster management policy, the special condition in indigenous society, recent efforts to recognize the value of indigenous knowledge, and practices for the collaboration.

The studies of disaster management in the global society have gradually acknowledge the importance of holistic approach that considers both the social and ecological systems. It also developed the concept of disaster management cycle, and the paradigm to incorporate indigenous knowledge in the disaster management regime. In Taiwan, the disaster management policy follows many of the transition, however, doesn't pay enough attention to the relation between indigenous people and disaster management. Aiming to provide reflection for the disaster management policy in Taiwan, this paper retraces the discussion in United Nations, and exams the experience in Canada, including the transition of the disaster management policy, the special condition in indigenous society, recent efforts to recognize the value of indigenous knowledge, and practices for the collaboration.