產業政策公平競爭審查論

Research on the Fair Competition Review of Industrial Policy

我國產業政策的改革方向是競爭友好型產業政策。公平競爭審查契合我國產業政策改革的目標，對產業政策措施進行競爭評估，將產業政策措施對競爭的損害降至最低，是產業政策改革的重要措施之一。我國在確立了公平競爭審查進路的基礎上，借助於反壟斷法的有效實施這一助推力量，遵循比例原則所要求的分析框架進行產業政策公平競爭審查，即分析產業政策目的是否具有正當性，產業政策措施是否可實現產業政策目的、是否對市場競爭損害最小，產業政策目的與競爭損害之間是否達到利益均衡。產業政策公平競爭審查可以預防和減少行政壟斷行為，有效抑制產業政策的負面效應，將產業政策對市場競爭的影響維持在必要的、合理的、適度的範圍。

The reform trend of China's industrial policy is the competition-friendly industrial policy. Fair competition review, which is in line with the goal of China's industrial policy reform, can make competition evaluation of the policy measures, strive to minimize the damage to competition by the policy measures, and become one of the most important ways of industrial policy reform. On the basis that China clarified the road map of the fair competition review of industrial policy, and by means of impetus from the effective implementation of China's anti-monopoly law, the fair competition review of China's industrial policy will follow analytical framework from the proportionality principle, namely analyze whether the purpose of industrial policy is justified, analyze whether policy measures can achieve the industrial policy purpose, analyze whether the policy measure is the 'least harmful' to market competition, analyze whether the industry policy purpose and competition damage can realize the balance of interests. The fair competition review of industrial policy can prevent and reduce the emergence of administrative monopoly behaviors, effectively restrain the negative effects of China's industrial policy, and keep the influence of industrial policy on market competition within necessary, reasonable and appropriate boundary.