再論訴訟實施權的基本界定

On the Basic Definition of the Right to Sue or Be Sued

域外法治國家和地區均從憲法的高度保障公民訴諸訴訟的裁判請求權，並在民事訴訟法上具體保障當事人的訴訟實施權。訴訟實施權與裁判請求權、當事人適格、訴的利益、糾紛管理權等之間的關係需要釐清，訴訟實施權應界定為為了保護本人或者他人的實體權益，具備訴的利益的糾紛管理權主體以自己的名義主張民事權利義務關係或者特定法律事實的權能。

The mainstream regions of the world all protect citizens' right to access to justice on the constitutional level and right to sue or be sued on the civil procedure law level. On the basis of distinguishing between the right to access to justice and right to sue or be sued, standing of the litigants, litigation interest, substantive right and dispute management right, this paper defines right to sue or be sued as the right for the subject of dispute management right who has the necessity and the actual effect in lawsuit to sue or be sued in his own name with the protection on his own substantive rights and interests or others' in a realistic manner or in preparation.