正體中文正楷銅模字體數位化之研究

The Research of Digital Collections for TraditionalChinese Regular Script Matrices and Words

面對消失中的活版印刷業，本研究所要數位化的「風行」正體中文正楷銅模及「日星鑄字行」仍在使用的鑄字用銅模，都是見證台灣印刷歷史的珍貴史料。這二套銅模字體，點捺勾處力道十足，字型優美，尚保存中文書法的筆劃與字形結構的特色，與講求規格化的電腦中文字體不同。由於大陸早已使用簡體字，台灣印刷字體也全數被電腦字取代。「風行」及「日星」的這二批銅模可說是台灣碩果僅存的正楷字模，也可以說是全世界難得保留完整的中文活字印刷字模。就世界文化資產的意義而言，中文正楷字體的保存，具有不可取代的重要性；就台灣活版印刷的技術發展而言，為這批銅模的存在還原其歷史角色，則是博物館典藏研究責無旁貸的工作。本研究目的乃將傳統的正楷中文字體做功能性保留，雖然銅模已不再供人印刷，卻可成為電腦字型，讓最具代表性的正楷字體，在數位時代重獲新生。研究成果有四：一、完成「風行銅模」正楷字體的文物數位拍攝。二、將「風行銅模」予以重鑄鉛字，取得字形，完成單字字體數位化，共計3,780字。三、「風行銅模」正楷字數位成果公開於國立科學工藝博物館建置完成的「台灣工業文化資產」網站。四、透過焦點團體座談會，確認「風行銅模」正楷字體的價值。

The digital collections in this research are traditional Chinese regular script matrices of Fengxing and Rixing Type Foundries. These fonts, different from the computerized and normalized ones, still preserve the specialties of Chinese calligraphy and tell us the history of Taiwanese printing as well. Since mainland China use only simplified Chinese, and Taiwanese printing use only computerized types, matrices of Fengxing and Rixing can be considered as the only remaining matrices that provide complete traditional Chinese regular scripts. The collecting works therefore become very important for the development of letterpress printing in Taiwan in terms of preserving the cultural heritage of the world. The goal of this research is to preserve these traditional Chinese characters. Although the matrices are no longer in use of printing, they can still be reborn and used as computerized types in the digital era. Here are the four research results: First, completing the digital photography of Fengxing matrices. Second, recasting the types of Fengxing matrices, and completing digitalization of the font in a total of 3,780 characters. Third, uploading the digital results of “Fengxing matrices” Chinese regular scripts to “The Industrial Heritage in Taiwan” website and letting the public know more about this research. Finally, confirming the value in matrices of Fengxing through focus group discussions.