定居前狩獵民族鄂倫春族的經濟生活

Economic Life of the Hunting Oroqen before Settling Down

農業文明之前，狩獵──採集曾是全人類所共有的生計方式。狩獵－－採集也曾是臺灣原住民族主要的生計方式之一。同為狩獵民族的鄂倫春族生活在中國東北大小興安嶺地區，在當地政府於1996 年實行禁獵政策之前，狩獵－－採集一直為該民族的主要生計方式。在1950，在國家定居政策下，遊獵的鄂倫春族逐漸下山定居，被安置在各定居點，在各定居點的基礎上逐漸形成現有的獵民村落分佈。本文探討了定居之前處於遊獵生活狀態下的鄂倫春族的經濟生活及與他族群互動對其產生的影響。

Before agricultural civilization, hunting-gathering was once acommon livelihood for all mankind. Hunting-gathering is one of Taiwan’sindigenous peoples main means of livelihood. The Oroqens was aprimitive hunting nationality that makes a living as a hunter in the primevalforest in the Daxingan Mountains and Xiaoxingan Mountain of northeastChina, until the implementation of hunting prohibitation policy in 1996.In the 1950s, because of the national settlement policy, nomadic Oroqengradually settled down. This article discusses the economic situation andinfluence of ethnic interaction for nomadic hunting Oroqen before settlingdown.