電影《艋舺》少年幫派議題再現之研究

The Study of Juvenile Gang’s Representation in Monga Film

《艋舺》是部受歡迎與賣座的少年幫派電影，描述1980 年代幫派林立的萬華，黑幫進入校園，吸收青少年加入幫派。但也頗具爭議性，如影片中出現大量幫派鬥毆鏡頭，會對未成年閱聽人帶來負面學習效果。現實社會裡幫派的形成是一連串因素與事件所造成，幫派份子的行徑脫離社會認可的規範，但電影內容並未完全反映真實現象，而是導演考量影視文化產業所具有的不同價值，將社會事件加以挑選、編排與重新賦予意義，對影片角色人物添加想像的成分如對成功的追求、投射出國族認同的焦慮等。本研究採用個案分析法， 青少年犯罪理論作為分析架構，以瞭解導演對幫派所涉及的社會議題與幫派少年生命經驗之再現情形，藉此喚起社會大眾對問題的關注。研究結果顯示導演遵循幫派電影類型並加以推陳出新，呈現的主題包括弱勢階層青少年的生存掙扎、幫派少年的迷亂、以及幫派衝突背後的省籍情結等。然而，透過影片主角敘事觀點所展現導演對幫派兄弟重義氣的刻劃，可能會強化青少年對幫派的錯誤認知。

Monga is a popular and best-selling gangster film, which describes the gang recruiting teenagers on campus in the 1980s. This film is controversial because it contains a lot of violent scenes, so it may have a negative impact on under-age audience. A serial of factors and events lead to the formation and development of gangs. Gangsters’ behaviors deviate from social norms; however, the gangster film is a cultural product and does not entirely reflect the real situation. The director usually considers commercial, cultural, social values, rearranges relevant social events, and portrays the gangster as a person who pursues success, exhibits anxiety for national identity etc. The study adopts case study method and relevant criminal theories to examine the issues related to the juvenile gang revealed by Monga and to arouse public concern for these problems. The research findings showed that the director followed the gang genre and enhanced Monga by representing some topics including disadvantaged youth’s struggle for survival, the anomie of youth gangsters, and the conflict between local residents and mainlanders. Nevertheless, the director emphasizing youth gangsters’ brotherhood through the leading actor’s narratives might cause teenagers’ misconceptions of juvenile gangs.