戰爭時期台灣文學的審美化傾向及其意義

Aesthetic Tendency and The Meaning of Taiwan Literature During the Late Japanese

日本於1930年代初挑起滿洲事變後，即明目張膽地採取對外膨脹政策，接著更發動1937年的中日戰爭和1941年的太平洋戰爭。為了順利推動戰爭，日本建構了強固的法西斯體制，高呼總力戰，並在殖民地台灣架起戰爭動員體制。因此，戰爭時期的台灣文壇，無可避免地受到了當代支配論述的影響，這其中，作為戰爭文化邏輯的外地文壇和地方文化建設的主張，最為明顯。當時無論是日本人、台灣人作家或批評家，都以作為日本帝國的外地來思考台灣文學和文壇的建設方案，並以實際創作付諸實踐。他們認為必須與中央文壇有所區別，倡議建設具有外地和地方特色的文學，不過此時生產的文學，從題材上來看，呈現的或可說是台灣中心主義，但從其思想內涵來看，已被收編的台灣文壇顯然是以日本精神為依歸，處處充斥著以建設大東亞文學為宗旨的日本中心主義。本文參考法西斯美學的概念，以戰爭時期台灣文學論和小說作品為對象，找出潛伏在文學論的審美化策略，並加以考察台灣作家的小說所呈現的審美化傾向。相信這個角度可以把皇民化時期的文學論和小說，放在當時的歷史脈絡中觀察，進而思考文學和權力之間的美學問題。

After stirring Mukden Incident in 1930s, Japan unscrupulously embracedthe external expansion policy, and took the offense of the 2nd Sino-Japanese Warin 1937 and Pacific War in 1941. In order to promote war successfully, Japanestablished a solid fascist system, actively calling out for necessity of war, andconstructed war mobilization system in her colony, Taiwan.As a result, Taiwan literary circle during wartime was inevitably controlledby dominant contemporary discussions. Among all, exotic literary circle andopinion of local cultural construction are the most evident ones. At the time nomatter Japanese or Taiwanese authors and critics, they all considered problemsof constructing plan of Taiwan literature and literary circle as other place fromJapan Empire, and realized them by literary creation. They thought it must bedifferentiated from central（Japanese）literary circle and be provided with exoticand local special literature position. If we observe the subjects, the circle looks likeTaiwan-central, but the thought contents show that incorporated Taiwan literarycircle obviously rely on Japan spirit, in pursuit of constructing Japan-centralizedGreater-East-Asia literature.This article refers to concepts of Fascist aesthetics, and targets on Taiwanliterature theory and novel work during the late Japanese colonial period, tofind out the inlaid aesthetic strategy, in order to investigate aesthetic tendency presented by novels written by Taiwanese authors. I believe that within thisviewpoint, observing literary theory and novels in Kominka period under thehistorical sequences further provide a way to examine questions between literatureand aesthetics in powers.