地方產業與經濟發展指標關聯性分析－－以高雄為例

A Study of Correlation Between Local Industries and Economic Development Indicators in Kaohsiung

高雄擁有得天獨厚的港灣、腹地廣闊、交通運輸發達，具備產業發展的優良環境。高雄工業發展以鋼鐵、石化、造船等資本密集的重工業為主，其銷售額雖然高，但對就業機會的提供比例相對較低；高雄的經濟產值以第二級產業和第三級產業為核心，其產值占全高雄生產總額絕大部份也提供高雄最多的就業機會。本文將工業（含製造業）及服務業設定為高雄市主要產業，分析其與地方經濟發展指標之關聯性，研究期間為2010年至2015年有關的經濟發展指標數據做為研究標的，運用灰關聯模型原理（GRA），探討高雄地方經濟發展指標與工業（含製造業）及服務業之關聯性分析。研究實證結果發現，在服務業方面，歲出、產業總資本額及勞動參與率與服務業的產值關聯度較高；在工業（含製造業）方面，第二級產業人口總數、歲入及廠商家數與工業（含製造業）的產值具有高度的關聯性。

The deep harbor, vast hinterland, and well-developed transport system constructs the fundamental environment for industrial development in Kaohsiung. Steel, petrochemical, and ship-building industries which are the capital-intensive industry are the main heavy industries in Kaohsiung. These industries create huge amount of sales but provide a less percentage for employment. Precisely speaking, the second and the third industries are the core industries in Kaohsiung since they occupy the largest portion amount of sale and create the largest percentage of employment. This paper chooses the second and the third industries in Kaohsiung as target industries and analyzes the correlation between target industries and Kaohsiung’s local economic development indicators. The data are chosen from 2010 to 2015 and the Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) is adopted as a research analysis. The findings are that the annual government expenditure, total industrial capital, and labor participation rate are the most important three indicators as to which have correlation with the output value of the third industries in Kaohsiung. Also, the second industry population, the annual government revenue, and the amount of manufacturers are the most important indicators correlation with the output value of the second industry in Kaohsiung.