林園區不同距離居民對工業區環境汙染的識覺與調適

The Perception and Adjustment of Environmental Pollution in Terms of Different Distance to Linyuan District’s Residents

工業的發展會對國家經濟帶來助益，但在經營的過程中可能製造一些汙染環境的物質，從環境的觀點來看，工業區的設置將給鄉村環境帶來相當大的轉變，並引發各種汙染及公害。本研究以問卷進行調查，並以林園區居民為研究母體，依住家與林園工業區間的距離採分層隨機抽樣，發出問卷620份，回收問卷568份，回收率為92%。其中，有效問卷500份，無效問卷68份，有效問卷比率達88%。根據調查結果顯示，林園區有75.4%的居民對生活環境品質感到失望，並且有84.4%的居民認為空氣汙染情形沒有明顯改善，但調適行為上比較消極，大都以緊閉門窗來回應空氣汙染的情形，而主動參與環境汙染相關活動的居民是比較少的。若以距離變項深入探討，發現距離工業區較近（1公里內）的居民，對於各種環境汙染的感受皆大於中、遠距離之居民，並且將氣爆威脅視為最不能忍受之汙染，跟中、遠距離之居民最不能忍受為空氣汙染，是有所差異的。林園區居民的整體環境汙染識覺程度達中等程度，有待加強。整體環境識覺態度呈現積極的情形。調適行為則呈現偏消極的情形，但仍有中等程度。另外，若以距離變項深入探討，發現距離工業區較近（1公里內）的居民，不管是在環境識覺的程度、態度及調適行為上皆較高且較中、遠距離之居民更為積極。

Industrial development will bring benefit to the national economy, but in the process of operation may substances in the production of some pollution to the environment, from the environmental point of view, the industrial area will give rural environment bring considerable changes, and cause all kinds of pollution and public nuisance.The main population of this study was the residents living in the Linyuan District, and Stratified Random Sampling was used. There were 620 questionnaires in total with 500 effective questionnaires collected. The results showed that 75.4% of the residents in Linyuan District were disappointed about the quality of living environment, and 84.4% of the residents considered that the air pollution wasn’t improved significantly. Instead of making adjustments, they just close their doors and windows. Fewer people participate in the related environmental pollution activities. The study was conducted to investigate the variable of distance and we can find that short-distance residents who live close to the industrial area (within 1 km) feel greater than the middle-distance and long-distance residents who live far away from the industrial area. And the gas explosion was regarded as the most unbearable pollution for short-distance residents. We can see the difference because air pollution was regarded as the most unbearable one for middle-distance and long-distance residents. The Linyuan residents were moderate in environmental perception, positive in environmental attitude, and negative in taking adjustment behavior. The environmental perception, attitude, and adjustment behavior of Linyuan residents were moderate related. In addition, if the variable of distance is investigated, we can find the short-distance (within 1 km) residents are more active than the middle-distance and long-distance residents in the degree of environmental awareness, attitude and behavior.