虛無，也是一種抗議的姿態──論林懷民與王尚義的存在主義小說

Nihility, is also an attitude of protest─ Discussing the existentialism novels of Lin Hwai-Min and Wang Shang-yi

六○年代的台灣逐步邁向現代化，但政治卻依舊籠罩在白色恐怖的氛圍中，從五○年代的「孫立人事件」，到六○年代的「雷震案」、「台大哲學系事件」，在政治文化的肅殺氣氛下，知識分子有的暸若寒蟬，有的出國自我放逐，有的則傾向頹廢虛無。隨著現代主義思潮引進台灣的存在主義哲學，遂成為一群苦悶、徬徨、焦慮而又崇洋的台灣知識青年建構世界觀的基石，也提供他們精神上的避難所。受存在主義思潮的影響，作家也透過「存在」主義的命題：我究竟是誰？我該往何處去？表達他們置身於這個政治、社會現實的苦悶心情與無力感。白先勇說：「虛無其實也是一種抗議的姿態」。王尚義和林懷民的年齡相隔十二歲，是兩個世代的代表，他們融入自身所處環境與生命經驗所創作出來的異於西方存在主義的「台灣存在主義」小說，作品明顯呈現虛無的傾向，卻共同真有「現實感」，他們正是以對西方存在主義有所轉化／反思後的存在主義小說書寫，表達對六○年代台灣政治社會氛圍的無聲／沈默抗議，並抗拒殖民體制的收編與納戶。

In 1960s, the process of modernization, Taiwan was still under the shadow of White Terror. From 1950s incident of 'Sun Li-ren' to 'Lei Chen Case', the incident of 'National Taiwan University Department of Philosophy' in 1960s, some of the elite groups in the society were kept silent in the solemn political atmosphere, some went abroad in exile, and some stayed down and dispirited. The existentialism introduced to Taiwan by the trend of modernism became foundation of constructing a world view for Taiwanese elite young people who were, at the time, depressed, confused, and anxious and who worshiped everything foreign, which also provides a spiritual harbor for them. Influenced by the ideology of existentialism, the author tries to express the nihility and powerlessness towards social reality through 'existence' topic: Who am I really are? Where should I go? Bai Hsian-yong said,: 'Nihility is indeed a protest'. With twelve years age difference, Wang Shang-yi and Lin Huai-ming are representatives of two different generations. The Taiwanese existentialism novels they created from the social environment and life experiences they were in at the time vary from Western existentialism, which obviously demonstrate a tendency of nihility and senses of 'reality'. They tried to express soundless/silent protest to the political and social atmosphere in 1960s Taiwan and resistance to the authority and control of colonization by writing novels with existentialism after transformation and reflection from Western existentialism.