BIM應用於建築營運設施管理先前規劃之探討

Developing initial plan for the use of BIM for facility management for buildings during operation phase

近年來由於建築物內設備越來越多樣性及專業性，建築物維護管理作業一般具有一定困難性。傳統設施維護管理大多使用2D圖說及紙本表格進行現場維護管理作業，隨著科技與資訊之演變，傳統2D圖面之溝通管理以及紙本作業模式已無法負荷日益龐大及複雜化之建築與設備。近年來以3D為核心技術之建築資訊模型（Building Information Modeling, BIM）在全球大量發展與應用下，本研究藉由導入建築資訊模型以視覺化及資訊化之BIM模型，優化整體營運維護管理作業模式。營運維護階段導入BIM之較佳模式乃以竣工模型為基礎，延伸模型及資訊於後續作業，然既有竣工模型往往資訊不足，為使模型得以運用於營運維護作業，專案必須進行擬定初期規劃。因此，本研究提出專案自取得竣工模型至營運維護作業執行期間，擬定專案規劃方針與初期規劃，使專案導入初期即擁有全盤性之規劃。為有效率地使用BIM模型供龐大的設備設施群檢修及維護，模型資料準則制定為BIM-FM專案前置作業的核心。為使後續作業能夠順利的進行，無論設備模型其外觀細緻度，或內部資訊詳細程度應妥善規劃，並針對專案需求訂定一套標準供後續作業參考與執行。透過模型作業標準的制訂，使專案在執行過程中有依據可遵循，從而減少各種非標準化所耗費的時間及資源，使企業及專案其執行效率及成果品質能不斷提升。

Facility management (FM) has become an important work during the operation phase of buildings. One of the difficulties for FM is the use of 2D illustrations when depicting maintenance service. Recently, Building Information Modeling(BIM)technologies uses precise geometry and relevant data to support the maintenance service of facilities depicted in 3D object-oriented CAD. This study proposes and develops an initial plan for the use of BIM for facility management of buildings during operation phase. With the application of proposed initial plan, the implementation of BIM technologies can be effective in the operation phase. The proposed initial plan is then applied in selected case study of a building project in Taiwan to verify the recommended methodology and demonstrate its effectiveness in practice. The combined results demonstrate that an initial plan can be an effective management approach for FM. The advantage of BIM execution plan lies not only in improving FM work efficiency integrated with BIM, but also in maximizing the benefits to support FM. Finally, this study also identifies the benefits and limitations through the case study. The conclusion and suggestion are summarized for further applications.