清代皖南道道員的人事考察

Research on the personnel problems of Wannan Taotai during the Qing Dynatsy

本文以《清代官員履歷檔案全編》和《清實錄》為主，結合地方史志，在考輯皖南道道員履歷的基礎上，就任職者的旗籍漢籍問題、地理分佈、出身、任職年齡和任期、離職原因與後期經歷等人事問題做了較為詳細的考察。考察表明這一任職者的平均年齡在 50 歲上下，有科舉功名者占主體，主要分佈在江浙一帶，旗人在這一職位上的任用優勢僅限於清代前期，任職皖南道者與地方一切事務責無旁貸，戰亂時這種職責格外突顯，由道員升遷至封疆大吏者不乏其人，因此道員是地方行政制度中的重要一級。

This paper makes a personal investigation about the Wannan Taotai, based on the Qing Dynasty Official Personal History File all Arranges , The Veritable Records of the Qing and Local Chronicles. Based on textual research of the administrate resumes of those Taotai, this paper makes a detailed inspection of their personnel problems, such as nationality, geographical distribution, origin, age, term of office, reasons for departure and later experience. This study shows that the average age of those incumbents is 50, most of them have acquired titles imperial through the Imperial Examinations, which are mainly distributed in Zhejiang and Jiangsu province. Banners’ superiority in the position is limited to the early Qing Dynasty. The Wannan Taotai take responsibility to all the local affairs. This responsibility is particularly highlighted during the war. Promoting to high-rank government official is not rare for them, so Taotai is an important hierarchy in the local administration.