市售芍藥、麻黃及黃蘗之型態、組織及化學鑑別

PHARMACOGNOSTICAL AND CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATIONS OF PAEONIA LACTIFLORAE RADIX, EPHEDRAE HERBA AND PHELLODENDRI CORTEX AVAILABLE ON THE TAIWAN MARKET

中藥材基原極為複雜、商品名稱及來源也極為混亂，為了解市售芍藥、麻黃及黃蘗的種類及其特徵，本實驗在市面上收集有關該等藥材之種類、分別以五官檢查、顯微鏡檢及薄層層析法加以探討。其結果：芍藥有白芍藥赤芍藥兩類，卻屬於同一基原Paeonia lactiflora Pallas，只是栽培種和野生種之分。麻黃有草麻黃Ephedra sinica Stapf.與中麻黃Ephedra intermedia Schrenk et Mey黃蘗也有兩類，一為台灣黃蘗Phellodendron amurense Rupr. var. wilsonii （Hayata & Kanehira）Chang的樹皮。另一為黃皮樹但，hellodendron chirensis Schneid）或黃蘗（Phellodendron amurense Rupr。或其變種）的樹皮。由結果可知此三種藥材種類不一，此等資料可作為日從檢驗芍藥、麻黃及黃蘗等藥材之參考。

In order to understand the origins of the Chinese herbs: Paeonia lactifloraeRadix, Ephedrae Herba and Phellodendri Cortex available on the Taiwan marcket, the three chiness herbs were obtained in August, 1987. All Samples were identified by organoleptic inspection. microscopic observation and thin layer Chromatography. The results showed that there was only one origin of Paeonia lactiflorae Radix -Paeonia lactiflora Pallas; two origins of Ephed~ae Herba –Ephedra sinica Stapt, Ephedra intermedia Schrenk et Mey and two origins of Phellodendri Cortex -Phellodendron amurense Rupr. var. wilsonii (Hayata & Kanehira) Chang and Phellodron chinesis Schneid or Phellodendron amurense Rupr. or its variety.