阻力訓練對於安養機構高齡者跌倒預防之效益與執行建議

Benefits and Implementation Recommendations of Resistance Training on Fall Prevention for Institutionalized Older Adults

人口高齡化為全球不可逆之趨勢，也因此導致安養機構大量的增加與其機構內健康促進的重要性提高。跌倒問題會造成嚴重的身體傷害和生活品質驟降，儼然成為安養院最重要的挑戰之一。本研究目的是瞭解阻力訓練對安養機構高齡者跌倒預防的效益與執行之建議。本文首先以高齡族群因生理機轉老化探討跌倒問題，接著以系統性文獻回顧方式瞭解阻力訓練對預防跌倒之實證效益，最後根據相關文獻整理出進行高齡者下肢阻力訓練的執行建議。本文認為安養機構高齡族群進行阻力訓練對於身心皆有正面的效應，依循正確運動訓練原則，配合專業指導員，阻力訓練可提升高齡者下肢肌力並有效預防跌倒，協助安養機構高齡者成功老化。

Global population aging is an irreversible trend which causes dramatically increasing of the numbers of older institutions. Fall prevention which causes serious injuries and significantly dreasing of life quality is definitely one of the most important health challenges in older institutions. The purpose of the study is to understand the benefits and implementation recommendations of resistance training on fall prevention for institutionalized older adults. First of all, physiological mechanisms of falls in older adults were reviewed. Second, systematic literature review has been used to summarize the benefits and evidences of resistance training on fall prevention for older adults. Finally, implementation recommendations of resistance training for institutionalized older adults in community settings were outlined. The study concluded that resistance training can create positive physical and psychological impacts on fall prevention. With appropriate training principles, programs and professional instructors, resistance training which is beneficial on increasing strength of lower limbs and preventing falls has great potential to create a successful and healthy aging for institutioanlized older adults.