利用酵素免疫法檢測金黃色葡萄球菌腸毒秦之評估

Detection of Staphylococcal Enterotoxins by Commercial Immunoassay Kits

本研究主要應用polystyrene ball、stick、tube 及microtitre plate等不同型式之市售酵素免疫套組檢測食品中金黃色葡萄球菌毒素（staphylococcal enterotoxins, SE）及其型別鑑定之研究。於火腿、米飯及牛奶檢體中各添加l00ng之腸毒素 A （SEA），腸毒素 B （SEB），腸毒素C1 （SEC1） 及腸毒素 D （SED），依檢體種類直接測試或經蒸餾水萃取、酸化、離心及中和處理後以polystyrene ball套組測試，結果顯示SEA、SEB、SEC，及SED之平均回收率依序為 85.1%、124.5%、106.7%及98.1%，變異係數介於4.9~17.7%間。四種酵素免疫套組對於檢體中腸毒素之最低檢出量為0.1~1.6 ng/g。而由十件中毒食品中直接檢測金黃色葡萄球菌腸毒素，當菌數達 1.6× 108 CFU/g 時，可測得0.33 ng/g SEA。

Different formats (polystyrene ball, stick, tube and microtitre plate) of commercial immunoassay kits were employed for the detection of staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEA, SEB, SEC, and SED) in food. Food sample (ham, cooked rice or dairy products) was mixed with 100 ng of toxin mixture and then extracted with water before subjecting to immunoassay kits. The recoveries for SEA, SEB, SEC, and SED were 85.1%, 124.5%, 106.7% and 98.1%, respectively, and the coefficients of variation are between 4.9 and 17.7%. Lowest detection levels of these kits for four types of toxin were 0.1~1.6 ng/g. We found SEA 0.33 ng/g in one of ten samples from outbreaks of food poisoning and S. aureus cell count in this sample reached 1.6×108 CFU/g.