明代江南藏書家崇尚隱逸的動因

The Reasons of the Jiang-Nang Bibliophiles who preached to withdraw from society and live in obscurity in Ming Dynasty

由於政治、社會、經濟、文化等各種時代背景和條件的成熟與配合，使得明代文人的隱逸習氣相當盛行。文人多半嗜好典籍，利用藏書活動作為隱居生活的主要內容，因此，藏書界沾染的隱逸風尚，可視為明代隱逸士人一種高雅的主流價值觀。除時代背景外，藏書家本身的一些因素，包括科場失意、宦途多舛、家庭因素、積極嚮往與逃避世亂，都是促成這股隱逸風氣盛行的主要推力。而明代江南私人藏書事業之所以如此發達，也正是因為隱逸觀念的普及與盛行，才讓藏書家們具備充份的閒情雅致，用以發展個人的藏書事業。因此，必須透過瞭解他們喜好隱逸的各種背景與原因，才能對明代江南私人藏書事業發達的真實面向，具備更為深入的認知。

Because of politics, society, economy, cultural...etc., mature and concert of various times background and condition, made the recluse habit of the scholars in Ming Dynasty was rather widely accepted. Most of scholars liked ancient works, and books-collecting activity became the main content of life. Therefore, the books-collecting field tainted with recluse vogue, we can see it as elegant and essential value of recluse in Ming Dynasty. In addition to the times background, many factors of the bibliophiles which included the disappointment in examination, the obstacle in official career, family factor, the personality of the recluse scholar, and escape chaos and disaster, all of these were mainly push power that helpped the recluse custom to spread out widely. And the reason why the private books-collecting activity became so popular in Jiang-Nang of Ming Dynasty, also was exactly because of recluse idea widely accepted, and it just made the bibliophiles had enough spare time and interest to develop personal books-collecting business. Therefore, we have to understand various background and reasons about their loving recluse in order to cognize the true situation about prosperity of private books-collecting business in Jiang-Nang of Ming Dynasty more thoroughly.