轉折義副詞「反」、「卻」、「倒」的歷史演變與用法分布

The Historical Development and Performance of the Adversative Adverbs Fan, Que and Dao

在漢語，轉折關係除了藉轉折連詞聯繫，還可利用轉折義副詞，如「反（而）」、「卻」、「倒」等。這組詞性質特殊，既具連接作用，又往往帶有說話者的特殊語氣，而且用法同中有異，很難說清楚。本文將探討三詞的歷史演變過程，並嘗試從歷時角度解釋其用法分布。

In Mandarin Chinese, adversative relationships between sentences can be expressed by conjunctions, and also by adverbs such as fan(er) 反(而), que 卻, and dao 倒. In addition to their connective function, these adverbs also frequently express a specific mood. However their syntactic and semantic performance differs slightly and these differences are quite difficult to pinpoint synchronically. This paper attempts to examine the historical development of the three adverbs and to explore their performance diachronically.