網路造謠、傳謠行為刑法規制體系的構建與完善

The Construction and Perfection of Criminal Law Regulation System about Online Rumors

網路造謠、傳謠行為突破了時空的限制，超越了以往的規模，加劇了掌控的難度，催生了職業“網路推手”，其社會危害性呈幾何級數增長。網路造謠、傳謠行為的本質是線下的傳統造謠、傳謠行為的互聯網化與“升級版”，刑法對其的規制力度應當更大。然而，現行刑法中規制網路造謠、傳謠行為的罪名體系呈現出非專有罪名規制乏力、專有罪名規制範圍有限的現狀，導致刑事立法的“力有不逮”以及刑事司法的“越俎代庖”。對此，刑法應根據網路犯罪的特殊屬性，通過完善規制網路造謠、傳謠行為的非專有罪名和新增設的編造、故意傳播虛假資訊罪這一專有罪名，以重構規制網路造謠、傳謠行為的罪名體系。這才是刑法規制網路造謠、傳謠行為的應然路徑。

Online rumors break the limits of time and space, enlargen the previous scale, increase the difficulty of control and spawn professional network of web hyper. The criminal regulation of online rumors should be stricter. The current criminal law system against online rumors consists of mainly non-exclusive charges but few exclusive charges, which leads to the weakness of criminal legislation and the expansion of criminal judicature. We should perfect the non-exclusive charges and add new exclusive charges according to the special attribute of e-crimes, which is the rational route of criminal law regulation of online rumors.