論宗教身份對出家人的私法和公法能力的影響

The Influence of Status of Religion on the Capacity of Private Law and Public Law of Persons Who Enter into Religion

出家就是拋棄世俗社會的行為規則，採用“靈修世界”的行為規則。民法是為世俗的國民制定的，原則上不適用於出家人，他們有自己的身份法。無論是天主教還是漢傳佛教，莫不如此。此等法限制出家人的民事權利能力，由此完成世俗社會與“靈修世界”的區隔。所以，公民的權利能力一律平等的規定是錯誤的，因為出家人的權利能力受到了限制。這種限制是他們自願承受的，所以，權利能力不得放棄的命題也是錯誤的。

To enter into religion is to abandon the rules of behavior of secular society and to adopt the rules of behavior of a spiritual world. Civil law is formulated for the secular nationals, and not apply to in principle the monks, they have their own status law. Whether Catholicism or Chinese Buddhism, both follow this way. These status laws restrict legal capacity of monks, thereby completing a separation between the secular society and the spiritual world. Therefore, the norm of 'all citizens are equal as regard their capacity for civil rights' is wrong, because the monk's legal capacity is limited. They accept this limitation in voluntary way, therefore, the proposition of 'the legal capacity may not to be waived' is wrong.