在比較法學的表像背後

Behind the Facet of Comparative Law

就像舞臺上的演員會受制於幕後的導演及編劇，在比較法學的理論表像背後，也有一些決定著比較法學走向的因素。其中，比較法學研究者所在國家及其法律在世界法律格局中的強弱程度，會影響到比較對象的選擇。比較法學研究者在普適主義與歷史主義之間的不同傾向，會決定他對法律移植的態度。比較法學研究者在立法者與闡釋者之間的不同站位，會決定他的學術理論是科學的還是解釋學的。比較法學研究者與政治的關係，也會決定其作品的學術成色與政治成色。通過察看比較法學表像背後的若干因素，有助於增強比較法學研究者的角色意識，有助於洞悉中國法律在比較法學中的地位，同時還有助於從比較法學的角度提升中國的制度能力與文化實力。

Behind the theory of comparative law, there are some factors that determine the trend of the theory. Among them, how strong and weak of the country and its law will affect the choice of comparative object. The different tendency of the researcher will decide his/her attitude to the law transplant. Researcher between legislators and interpreters in different stations, will decide whether his/her academic theory is scientific or hermeneutics. In addition, the relationship between comparative law researchers and the politics, will determine academic and political quality of the theory. Through the observation of a number of factors behind comparative law, it is helpful to enhance the role consciousness of the researcher, to discern the status of Chinese laws in the theory of comparison law, and to improve China's institutional capacity and cultural strength.