論我國反恐模式的轉型－－從精英模式到參與模式

The Transition of Counter-Terrorism Model in China-- From Elite Model to Participative Model

我國反恐舉措密集，但恐怖態勢卻愈發嚴峻，問題的根源可歸結為“精英反恐模式”的癥結。該模式已不能充分滿足反恐的現實需要，亟須結構性地嵌入社會公眾的力量，形成全民反恐模式。根據政府與公眾關係的不同，可將全民反恐模式分為參與模式和合作模式。合作模式適合公民社會較為成熟的國家，相較而言，參與模式在我國更具現實性。未來構建我國反恐模式時，應以社會公眾的反恐參與權為邏輯起點。反恐參與權由知悉反恐資訊權、防範恐怖風險參與權、處置恐怖事件參與權和制裁恐怖行為參與權等四項權能構成。在現階段，激勵社會公眾積極運用上述四項權能，是促成我國反恐模式轉型的可行路徑。

Terrorism is becoming worse although intense measures have been taken in China, as a result of Elite Counter-Terrorism Model, which can not meet the need of the reality. National Counter-Terrorism Model which embeds social power structurally is the development trend. Based on the relationships between government and public, the new Model can be divided into Participative Model and Cooperative Model. The latter suits for the country with mature society, and the former is practical in China. In the construction process of Participative Model, public participation rights of counter-terrorism should be the logical origination. Such rights are consisted of the right to know of counter-terrorism information, right to participation in risk prevention, right to participation in disposal of events and the right to participation in punishment of actions.