國小學童對健康中心保健服務需求、使用次數與滿意度之探討：以彰化縣某國小學童為例

Health need, utilization and satisfaction of school-based health center service in elementary school students：An example in Changhua county

本研究目的旨在探討國小學童對健康中心所提供之保健服務之需求、使用次數及滿意度情形，並預測影響滿意度之重要因素。以彰化縣某九年一貫國民中小學三至六年級學童329位為對象，進行橫斷面調查，以自擬結構式問卷收集學童社會人口學變項、對健康中心提供之保健服務之需求、使用次數及滿意度情形。問卷專家內容效度(Content Validity Index；CVI)，CVI 介於75%-100%。內在一致性Cronbach`s α 值介於.84-.93，結果顯示：(1)國小學童對保健服務需求之比率介於68%~97%，各構面需求由高而低依序為：緊急傷病處理、缺點矯治、衛生教育、健康檢查、環境衛生、傳染病防治。(2) 51.4%的學童在過去半年內有使用過健康中心之服務，有使用的學童中平均次數2.28 次。(3) 對保健服務滿意度的相對得分指標為92.4。(4)三年級在對健康中心之服務使用次數明顯高於四、五、六年級；與父母同住者之使用次數明顯低於未與父母同住者。(5) 「性別」與「保健服務需求」兩變項為保健服務滿意度之重要預測變項，調整過之可解釋變異量為18.5%。本研究結果可提供國小健康中心，做為調整保健服務方向的參考。

The purposes of this research were to understand the needs, utilization and satisfaction to the health service of school-based health center (SBHC) and the predictor of satisfaction with elementary school students. A cross-sectional survey was conducted, three hundred and twenty nine participants were recruited from 3rd to 6th grade students from one elementary school in Changhua County. A self-designed structural questionnaire was used. Its contents included participants’ socio-demographic characteristics, need, utilization and satisfaction of the health service of school- based health center. Content validity and internal reliability were done with CVI 75-100%, Cronbach`s α .84-.93. The results indicated that: (1) the rate of health need was 68%~97%. The first six important items with high scores of health service in sequence were: first aid, emergency care and sickness of student, health defects, health education, physical examination, environment sanitation, prevent infectious disease. (2) 51.4% elementary students ever been to SBHC, mean utilization was 2.28 times in the past six months. (3)The relative score to satisfaction of the health service was 92.4. (4)Grade3 students had significant higher utilization than grade 4, 5, 6. Living with parents had significant higher utilization than non living with parents. (5) Gender and needs were significant predictors to satisfaction (adjusted R2=18.5%). The results of this research could provide the direction to adjust health service in elementary school- based health center.