夫妻個人財產的婚後增值歸屬－－兼論我國婚後所得共同制的精神

Classifying the Appreciation of Separate Property during Marriage

婚姻法《解釋三》第5條、第10條對困擾司法實務多年的夫妻個人財產的婚後增值歸屬問題作了規定。雖然第5條存在比較法的誤會，不足為訓，但第10條卻蘊含增值歸屬的一般規則，可以解決按揭房屋增值歸屬等眾多實務難題。在現行法上，基於婚姻命運共同體理念，我國的婚後所得共同制應理解為“婚後勞動和運氣所得共同制”，夫妻個人財產的婚後增值應一律為夫妻共同財產。《解釋三》第5條、第10條在立法論上應予廢除，在解釋論上應予架空或重新解釋。

In recent years, Chinese courts have been constantly stormed by various issues on the classification of the appreciation of separate property during marriage. The Judicial Interpretation III on Marriage Law (Interpretation III) of 2011 borrowed the idea of active and passive appreciation from the U. S. marriage law in general (Art. 5), and developed a rule similar to In re Marriage of Moore, 28 Cal. 3d 366 (1980) in particular (Art. 10). This paper explores this classification issue from two perspectives； under the Interpretation III and under the Marriage Law. Under the Interpretation III, this paper develops a general rule similar to, but much broader than Art. 10 and applies it to solve many troublesome classification issues in practice. Under the Marriage Law, this paper sheds light on the grave deviation of all aforementioned rules in the Interpretation III from the current law and argues for an alternative solution, that the appreciation of separate property during marriage should be classified as marital.