心理師遭過案主暴力狀況之調查研究

Dealing with Client Violence: A Survey of Licensed Psychologists

本研究以具臨床或諮商師證照者為對象，瞭解案主暴力之發生情形、後續處理及調適方式。研究工具為自編之心理師面臨案主暴力及因應方式調查問卷，計130份有效問卷。主要結果發現：（1）近半數心理師在過去二年曾遭受案主暴力，以醫院之臨床心理師受暴比例及風險較高，但多數心理師仍認為學校及社區為高風險場所；（2）個案常因情感問題及精神疾病症狀發作，致情緒失控而發生暴力；（3）多數心理師在受暴後，得到服務機構的直接關懷或督導，仍然有三成受暴心理師認為後續的處置不夠積極。據此提出未來對施暴個案屬性進行調查、加強安全保護設施及加強案例演練外，心理師執行業務時，需多察覺個案非語言訊息，採取必要的探詢及評估策略等建議。This study aims to investigate the characteristics of client violence in psychotherapeutic settings, including treatment and proper adaptation after threats of violence and actual assaults. The data were acquired through the questionnaires developed by the researchers: 'The Questionnaire of Psychotherapists' Facing Client Violence and Its Preventive Strategies', 130 valid questionnaires were filled out by licensed psychotherapists. Four main results were found that: (1) Sixty therapists had been victimized in violent acts for the past two years; clinical psychologists in hospital had a higher proportion rate of being victimized in violence. (2) Although most of the violent acts occurred in hospitals, therapists assumed that dealing with violent acts on campus and conducting treatments in community has a higher proportion rate of being victimized in violence. The major causes of violence were loss of mood control and occurrence of psychotic episodes because of affective issues. (3) After violent acts, most of the institutions and victimized therapists had tried to tackle the problems in some way. These results suggest that therapists should carefully evaluate the risk of violent acts from clients to protect themselves. Moreover, they should seek others' support and supervisors' assistance and also enhance self-care methods to adjust themselves to reduce the impacts from violence.