新興募資方式——群眾募資行為之初探

A New Fundraising Approach –Preliminary Survey of Crowdfunding Behaviour

「群眾募資」係社會大眾透過小額資金的贊助，發揮群體集結的力量，支持個人或組織使其目標或專案得以執行完成。1997年英國樂團Marillion即利用群眾募資完成在美國的巡迴演出，群眾募資平台（Crowdfunding platform）的誕生加速群眾募資的發展。累計至2012年底為止，全球共有536個群眾募資平台，2012年全球群眾募資金額約27億美元，預估2013年募資金額可達51億美元。2011年底，此股群眾募資的風潮亦由國外吹向國內，國內群眾募資平台相繼成立。由於募資者藉由群眾募資平台啟動創業專案募集資金，無須自備資金，因此，群眾募資行為的興起有助於扶植更多元的微型創業，惟國內群眾募資發展尚屬起步階段，相關法令規範、運作機制與金流處理模式尚未完備。本文擬就群眾募資行為發展現況作簡要說明、進行問題探討並研提建議。

「Crowdfunding」 refers to collecting capital in small amounts from the public to allow an individual or an organization's goal or project to be achieved or implemented. In 1997, Marillion, a U.K. band, completed its roadshow in U.S. by making use of Crowdfunding. The birth of Crowdfunding platforms accelerated the development of Crowdfunding. There were 536 Crowdfunding platforms globally as of the end of 2012. The globally total amount of capital raised by Crowdfunding was about US$ 2.7 billion, and it was projected to reach US$ 5.1 billion in 2013. At the end of 2011, the trend of Crowdfunding also moved into Taiwan from overseas, and the domestic Crowdfunding platforms were set up successively. Since fund-raisers collect capital through Crowdfunding platforms, self-owned capital is not needed for startups, therefore, the rise of Crowdfunding is helpful for developing more kinds of micro ventures. However, since the development of domestic Crowdfunding is at still at the beginning stage, relevant regulations, laws, systems, and cash flow models are not well prepared. The study briefly introduces the current development of Crowdfunding, discusses problems and makes recommendations.