日本「國內碳排放交易整合市場」的研究

A Study on Japan’s Integrated Market for Domestic Carbon Emissions Trading

日本企業碳排放減量行動始於1997年6月經團連實施的「自願性環保行動計畫」，其次是2005年環境省開始推動的「國內自願性碳排放交易制度」。2008年10月開始，政府將「自願性環保行動計畫」、「自願性國內碳排放交易制度」等各種計畫或制度，整合為「國內碳排放交易整合市場」，其性質為綜合性制度。「國內碳排放交易整合市場」的實施經過兩年時間，已顯現一些成果，企業關心程度逐漸提高，參加層面逐漸擴大。這種以政府主導，採柔性、漸進的作法，實在值得我國效仿實施。我國在實施時可考慮對於計畫審查、採用節能設備等所需費用予以補助，以及企業購買排放權准予列為營業損失等獎勵。

Action by Japanese companies to reduce carbon emissions began with the implementation of the “Voluntary Environmental Action Plan” initiated by the Japan Business Federation (Nippon Keidanren) in June 1997. This was followed by the “Domestic Voluntary Carbon Emissions Trading System” promoted by the Ministry of the Environment from 2005. In October 2008, a government-led plan was launched to integrate the domestic market for carbon emissions trading. Under this plan, the Voluntary Environmental Action Plan, the Domestic Voluntary Carbon Emissions Trading System, and other programs or systems were combined into a single integrated system. In its first two years of operation, the integrated market has already shown some success. Corporate interest has been gradually rising, and the level of participation steadily expanding. Such kind of government-led, flexible and progressive approach is worth considering as a possible model for imitation by Taiwan. In implementing such a model in Taiwan, consideration could be given to providing subsidies for the necessary expenses of plan review, the adoption of energy-saving equipment, and so forth, and offering other incentives such as treating the purchase of emission rights as an operating loss.