住宅區公共空間配置型態與住宅侵入竊盜犯罪機率分析－－英國及臺灣之案例研究

Spatial Configuration of Residential Area and Vulnerability of Burglary- A Case Studies from UK and Taiwan

有關環境設計與住宅侵入竊盜防範之議題，西方各國近年已有諸多研究討論。本文擬以空間型構數位分析檢視住宅區公共空間配置型態與被侵入竊盜機率之關連，並就英國三案例與台灣二案例作比較。主要空間因子包括道路類型、道路便捷度、住宅互視程度等。雖然不同地域環境之空間組構型態不一；然而，研究成果一致顯示，以呈前門對前門充分互視，且位於較便捷之連通道路上之住宅，因受來往人車與鄰居之自然守望保護，成為較安全之空間型態。相反地，位於人車稀少偏僻區位，當又缺乏前門對前門互視關係時，因缺乏前述之自然防禦機制，常成為竊盜高危險之區域。

In the western context, 'crime prevention through environmental design' is one major issue in urban development and much research has offered useful strategies for crime prevention. This paper employs Space Syntax to study correlations between spatial configuration and burglary distribution patterns and compares research findings from three towns in Britain with two successive case studies in Taiwan. Three major spatial elements are considered: road types, road accessibility, and inter-visibility between dwellings. Though there are differences in street layout configuration between UK and Taiwan’s cities, our consistent findings show that segregated streets become extremely vulnerable when combined with low inter-visibility in areas whereas integrated streets with higher accessibility can be very safe when associated with good inter-visibility due to informal surveillance generated in these areas.