諮商中伴侶關係的自我協調歷程

An Exploratory Study of Self-Coordinating Process in Couple Relationship Counseling

本研究目的是探討諮商中案主在伴侶關係的自我協調及其變化歷程。共有四位女性案主及其伴侶，各自接受八至十次合併個別與伴侶之諮商。研究資料來源包括四位案主與其伴侶，共計38 次諮商的全程錄音逐字稿，以及四位案主在諮商結束後分別接受一次諮商獲益訪談。研究者參考使用紮根理論的分析法進行資料分析。本研究獲得三個主要的研究結果：(1)四位案主在伴侶關係中的衝突來源、衝突因應方式，以及自我的衝突；(2)從四位案主諮商中的自我協調變化歷程，可看到她們在個人性自我與情感關係性自我兩部分都出現新的變化。為了因應衝突與改善伴侶關係，案主會作出自我協調，而自我協調的歷程也是個具有個別差異的動態性變化歷程；(3)案主在伴侶諮商中出現自我協調，其相關要件包括：有自我改變的意願、對自我與二人關係有新覺察、直接溝通表達、尊重對方、有滋養彼此關係的態度與行為，以及持續有改變的行為。本研究主要的結論是：伴侶諮商關係中自我協調因不同案主有不同的面貌，當案主同時在個人性自我面向上增加自我覺察與自我溝通表達，也在關係性自我面向上增加情感性關係的覺察溝通與表達，會有助於促成案主自我協調中促進關係，增加對自我與伴侶關係的滿意。本研究於文末一併討論研究限制與建議。

This study explores the self-coordinating process in couple relationship counseling. Four female adult clients with their couples received 8 to 10 counseling sessions including both individual and couple counseling sessions. Each of the counseling sessions lasted to one or one hour and half. Each client also received one interview session to provide feedback after completing the entire course of counseling. A total of 38 counseling sessions and four interview sessions were videotaped and transcribed for data analysis. The principles of grounded theory were adopted for analysis. The major research findings were: (1) the core themes of relationship disturbance included the source of conflict in the relationship, conflict coping response, and the client's conflict in the inner self; (2) the self-coordinating process in counseling involved the concurrent development of both the individual and relational self. In order to improve couple relationship, all clients initiated the self-coordinating process with their couples. The process was characterized as unique as well as dynamic; (3) the self-coordinating process was facilitated by the willingness to make change of the client, the new awareness of both individual self and couple relationship, direct expression and communication, respect for the other, the mutually affective responses, and the continuity of the changing behaviors. The main conclusion of the study is: Although the course of the self-coordinating process varied for each client, the concurrent development of the individual self, particular in the affective, communicative, and expressive aspects, are helpful to increasing satisfaction with both the self and the relationship development. Research limitations and suggestions for future studies are addressed.