羽球專項體能測驗之探討

Specific fitness test battery for badminton

羽球專項體能定義為以基本運動能力為基礎的羽球運動能力，至今尚未有一致評估羽球專項體能的測驗組合。從文獻得知，垂直跳、立姿前彎、12分鐘跑、折返跑、前進後退跑及左右撿球移動跑等六項是研究者最常使用評估羽球運動能力的測驗項目。除此之外，羽球是一項高強度的間歇運動，無氧乳酸及有氧代謝系統的能量提供更為重要。因此，羽球現場Y（3點）、X（4點）及米字型（6點）專項測驗，皆可做為無氧動力的測驗方式，其中Y（3點）字型6拍間歇移位測驗，亦能表現出羽球選手的肌耐力與有氧能力，而垂直跳是較常用來評估羽球專項爆發力的測驗。基於羽球運動能力的完整性，未來研究可針對速度、柔軟度及反應時間等羽球其他專項體能發展適切的測驗方法。

The physical fitness for badminton is defined as the basic sport-related fitness for badminton performance, but the test battery for badminton fitness has not been reached an agreement so far. Vertical jump, standing leg curls, 12-minutes run, shuttle run, backward and forward run, and side to side run for picking were the most common tests used in the previous research. In addition, because badminton is a high intensity interval exercise, lactate and aerobic metabolic systems for energy expenditure are more critical. Therefore, on-court badminton fitness tests, such as Y-shape (3-point), X-shape (4-point), and 6-point tests can serve as anaerobic power tests. Y-shape and 6-point interval tests are especially used in evaluating the players' muscular endurance and aerobic power, while vertical jump is more appropriate to assess badminton physical power. Future research on other badminton fitness tests is recommended to address speed, flexibility, and reaction time.