在臺東南亞外藉新娘的識字/生活教育：同化？還是多元文化？

Literacy/Life Education of Southeast Asian Immigrant Brides in Taiwan: Assimilation or Multiculturalism

本文從國小補校的普通班以及外籍新娘專班分別進行研究，探討在臺東南亞外籍新娘的識字/生活教育之現況與問題。研究結果發現：無論是普通班或專班，「同化主義」的思維相當濃厚，資源提供者大多認為現階段外籍新娘必須先瞭解、適應、融入臺灣社會，因此課程中幾乎沒有安排外籍新娘原生文化有關的內容，除了授課老師因教學需要引導學生表達外；師資方面大多以本地人為主，同時具備東南亞語言及異文化經驗者少之又少；教學目的則是希望外籍新娘能早日適應在臺生活，還沒有考量到外籍新娘的原生文化在接待社會的臺灣該如何地加以維持這個層面上。若以「多元文化主義」角度去看，專班目前僅止於接待社會提供什麼樣的資源給外籍新娘，還沒有（必要）考慮到這是針對臺灣普遍居民的整體政策，也就是還停留在強調「文化差異」而非「社會平等」的多元文化主義。另外，專班課程中強調接待社會內不同「在地文化」的展現也助於打破同化主義「以接待社會主流文化為尊」的偏執。

This paper discusses the present situation and problems of literacy/life education for Southeast Asian immigrant brides in Taiwan. We find that this education is always based on the idea of assimilation, which asks immigrant brides to accommodate Taiwan society, so Taiwanese native viewpoints are often stressed in teaching materials. Teaching staffs are most Taiwanese, who seldom have any knowledge about southeast Asia, nor do they have cultural exchange with the people from Southeast Asia. The purpose of the class emphasizes quich adaptation of these brides to Taiwan society without concerning the adaptation of Taiwan Society to the culture brought by the brides. Education specially designed for immigrant brides is a starting point for Taiwan society to practice the idea of multiculturalism, though it has not yet become a general policy to promote the host society consciousness to be a multicultural society. I argue that this kind of practice is cultural heterogeneity multiculturalism, not the ideal type of social equality multiculturalism. The problem of assimilation can be avoided through the curriculum design in the special courses to emphasize the cultural differences in the host socitey.