五專及二技高年級護生對愛滋病照護知識、態度及意願之探討

AIDS Related Knowledge, Attitudes and Willingness in Caring for Patients Among Senior Nursing Students from a 5-year Junior college and 2-year college

本研究目的在探討不同學制五專及二技高年級護生對愛滋病患照護知識、態度與意願之相關性及其影響因素。以北區某技職學院151位應屆畢業護生為研究對象，採結構式問卷調查法，問卷內容包括四部分：個人基本資料、愛滋病照護知識、態度及意願，問卷回收率為87％。結果顯示五專與二技高年級護生在照護知識、態度及意願上並無顯著差異。對愛滋病照護知識答對率為75％屬中等；愛滋病知識的主要來源有90.8％是學校教育，對愛滋病患照護態度抱持偏正向的態度，以「如果瞭解愛滋病的傳染途徑及防護措施，可減少護理人員對愛滋病的恐懼」得分最高，在負向態度部份主要是因為害怕所產生；護生表示偏正向意願來照護愛滋病患。父親教育程度、護生內外護實習成績、父母親意見會影響愛滋病照護意願，而護生之愛滋病照顧態度與照護意願呈正相關。依本研究結果建議在護理養成教育中應有完整的課程以建立護生正確的愛滋病照護知識，增進維護健康之能力，以及培養護生有正確之護理信念，以引導正向態度。

The purpose of this study was to investigate AIDS-related knowledge, attitude and willingness in caring for patients with AIDS among current year's nursing graduates in different school systems. 151 samples were recruited in this study. A structured questionnaire was used which includes demographic data, knowledge, attitude toward AIDS, willingness of caring patients with AIDS. The return rate was 87%. This study revealed the following findings: There were no significant differences among the subjects from different school systems in the score of AIDS-related knowledge, attitude toward AIDS, and willingness of caring patients with AIDS. The major source of AIDS related knowledge obtained by the subjects was school education. The mean score of knowledge test was 11.92 (75% answers were correct). The attitude toward AIDS and willingness of caring patients with AIDS tended to be positive. The negative attitudes were mostly resulted by fear of AIDS. The achievement of subjects' Medical-Surgical Nursing practice, father's education and parent's intention were significant factor to affect their willingness of caring patients with AIDS. The attitude toward AIDS and the willingness of caring patients with AIDS of our samples were positively correlated. The results of this study suggested that we should provide the integrated program to establish the AIDS-related knowledge basis of students to enhance their abilities of maintaining health, and to raising a positive attitude toward AIDS.