基隆市青少年發展性資產與危害健康行為相關研究

A Study on the Development Assets and Health-Risk Behaviors among the Adolescents in Keelung City

本研究主要的目的是分析基隆市青少年危害健康行為的現況，並進一步分析發展性資產與危害健康行為之關係。研究對象為九十八學年度第二學期就讀基隆市公立國中七、八、九年級學生。抽樣方法採兩步驟抽樣法，以簡單隨機抽樣抽取六所國中，再以集束隨機抽樣法，以班為單位從每校七至九年級各隨機抽取一個班級，共計18班，得有效樣本數為517人。研究工具採結構式調查問卷，內容包含社會人口學變項、危害健康行為量表、發展性資產量表 （DAP），以團體自填問卷方式蒐集資料。所得資料以皮爾遜積差相關、點二系列相關、複迴歸分析、複邏輯迴歸分析等方法進行統計分析。研究結果顯示研究對象出現危害健康行為的頻率不高，顯示大多屬於有過一至二次的危害健康行為；發展性資產總分、內在資產及外在資產、八項資產分佈均屬於中等。研究對象的危害健康行為與發展性資產呈顯著中度負相關。研究對象的外在資產與內在資產、八項資產類別皆能顯著預測其危害健康行為，其中「學習投入」、「社交能力」均有顯著預測力。建議未來在預防危害健康行為上，可強化青少年外在與內在資產、學習投入資產，有助於減低其危害健康行為，促進青少年健康成長。

The main purposes of this research were to explore the health-risk behaviors and to analyze the relationship between the developmental assets and health-risk behaviors characteristics among the adolescents in Keelung City. The sampling students were selected by using two-stage random sampling. The research subjects were the seventhto ninth-grade students in the six junior high schools from s in 2009 academic year. Eighteen classes were selected with the total effective samples being 517. A structured questionnaire was completed by using self-administered method to collect quantitative data. The data collected was analyzed by Pearson product-moment correlation, point-biserial correlation, multiple regression, and logistic regression methods. The results showed that the average scores of total developmental assets, external and internal assets of the students were in the fair level. The average scores of total the frequency of health-risk behaviors among the students was not high. The study showed that most students had once or twice health-risk behaviors. The developmental assets among the students were negatively correlated to the health-risk behaviors. Internal and external assets, and eight categories of developmental assets could significantly predict students' health-risk behaviors. Committing to learning and social competencies could significantly predict health-risk behaviors. Based on the research findings, to prevent health-risk behaviors, it is suggested to strengthen the external and internal assets and commitment to learning assets in order to lower health-risk behaviors and promote adolescent health.