大學生的獨處方式、獨處能力及其身心健康之分析

The Alone Activities%2C the Ability to be Alone and Mental Health of College Students

本研究旨在於瞭解目前大學生的獨處方式，並比較不同背景變項大學生的獨處方式、獨處能力、身心健康差異情形，更探討大學生的獨處能力與身心健康間的關係。研究中以台中縣市4所大專院校1，583名學生為研究對象，所使用的研究工具為「身心健康量表」、「獨處能力量表」，調查所得資料以卡方檢定、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、典型相關分析法進行比較及探討。研究結果如下：（一）大學生的獨處方式主要為從事個人的電腦相關活動（44.47％），其次是音樂相關活動（14.40％）；除了年級無顯著差異外，不同性別、出生序的大學生在獨處方式選擇上比例相差甚大。（二）除了性別無顯著差異外，高年級和排行老么的大學生獨處能力較強。（三）除了年級無顯著差異外，女生的身心健康狀況比男生差，獨生子女的憂鬱程度比排行老么者顯著地高。（四）高獨處能力者的身心健康優於低獨處能力者。（五）大學生的獨處能力與身心健康間存在顯著典型相關。

The purpose of the study was to investigate the alone activities of college students， and compare the ability to be alone of students with different background. Moreover， the relationships between the ability to be alone and mental health were discussed. The research sample consisted of 1，583 students from four colleges in Taichung district. Instruments used in this study included General Health Scale， Ability to be Alone Scale. Data obtained were analyzed by Chi-square test， independent t test， analysis of variance， canonical correlation analysis. The main findings were as follows: first， the main solitary activities for college students were using computer(44.47％) and listening to the music(14.40％). Except grade， gender and birth order were the significant factors to student’s solitary activities. Secondly， senior or youngest child had better ability to be alone， but gender made no difference. Thirdly， female were worse in mental health and students from only-child family had higher depression. Fourthly， students with higher ability to be alone were healthier than those with lower ability to be alone. Fifthly， student’s ability to be alone was significantly related to their mental health.