「規訓與懲罰」權力分析文本的二階觀察：描繪傅柯「權力系譜學」的視域圖譜

The Second-Order Observing to Power Analyzing Text About “Discipline and punish”: Portraying the horizons in Foucault' s Power Genealogies

作為一種權力分析的文本，《規訓與懲罰》是傅柯（Foucault）對現代社會權力運作的觀察。本文意向「觀察傅柯對權力的觀察」，以嚐試解讀文本中傅柯有關思維的內在關聯。誠魯曼（Luhmanns）謂「二階觀察」係指「對觀察的觀察」，故閱讀《規訓與懲罰》一書，本文即在進行對傅柯「規訓與懲罰」權力分析文本的二階觀察，考掘傅柯有關思維的發展軌跡。
本文先行概述《規訓與懲罰》一書的文本紀要，是關於權力觀察的敘事發展，藉以勾勒傅柯的思維脈絡；其二，梳理本書傅柯的權力分析，是導向權力觀察的技術旨趣，藉以覺察權力與知識的交互效用；其三，追溯本書傅柯的權力視域，是進行權力觀察的二階觀察，藉以描繪傅柯「權力系譜學」的視域圖譜。繼之，則以評述傅柯權力視域的得失取捨作為本文的結語。

As a power analyzing text, “Discipline and punish” is Foucault’s observationto power mechanism in modern society. The paper intends “to observing Foucault’sobserving to power mechanism”, with the purpose trying to interpretive the ideologicalinter-relations about Foucault. Just as Luhmanns’ “second-order observing” meansto observing the observation, therefore, reading “Discipline and punish”, the articleproceeding a second-order observing, in order to find Foucault’s ideological orbit.　Firstly, the article proceeding a skeleton outline about “Discipline and punish”,and to sketch Foucault’s ideological system in this book. Secondly, dressing theviewpoints of power analyzing, with orienting to power-technique interesting, andto perceive reciprocal effect between power and knowledge. Thirdly, retracing theorigins of Foucault’s research of power in this book, and means to observing Foucault’s observation to power. Finally, as a conclusion, commenting the horizons in Foucault’s“Power Genealogies”.