當前歐洲聯盟高等教育政策之探究

Inquiry into Current Policy of Higher Education in European Union

本文採用文件分析法，進行當前歐洲聯盟高等教育政策之探究。歐洲有將近4,000所的高等教育機構，超過1,900萬名大學生，150萬名教職員工。有些歐洲大學是世界上最佳的高等教育學府，但是整體而言其潛力尚未完全發揮。課程沒有隨時更新，進入大學的年輕人不足，成人對於大學的參與也還不夠，歐洲大學經常缺乏管理機制，經費不足以符合其理想的需要。面對前述這些挑戰，歐洲聯盟希望經由高等教育政策的提出，達到增加高等教育畢業生的數量，改善教學與學習的品質與關聯，促進學生與教職員的流動性和跨界的合作，加強「知識的三角」，連結教育機構、研究組織與企業單位，改善高等教育機構的治理和建立經費籌措的機制，以提升歐洲聯盟各國高等教育的水準。歐洲聯盟高等教育政策的做法，可以提供我國作為控制高等教育畢業生的數量，建立我國高等教育品質保證機制，促進國際教育合作和師生的流動性，加強教育機構、研究組織和企業單位的合作與創新，優化我國高等教育治理與經費籌措制度的參考，相當值得我國政府加以重視。

This article adopted the method of document-analysis to investigate current policy of higher education in European Union. Europe has 4,000 higher education institutions approximately, more than 190 million students and 1.5 million teaching and administrative staffs. Some universities are the most famous higher education institutions in the world. But their potential is still not to develop yet. Higher education curriculum doesn't update to follow the time. There are not only a few youths but also adults to joint higher education institutions. European universities lacked management system regularly. The funds were not enough to meet their needs. Facing these challenges, European Union hoped through the offer of higher education policy to increase the number of graduates, to improve the quality and relation of teaching and learning, to promote the mobility of students and staffs and cross-border cooperation, to enhance ' knowledge triangle' for connection of educational institutions, research organizations and enterprises, to improve government of higher education institutions and to establish the mechanism of raising funds, to lift the level of higher education institutions of member states within European Union. The measures of higher education policy in European Union can as reference for our country to control the quantity of higher education graduates, to build the insurance mechanism of higher education, to promote international education cooperation and the mobility of staffs and students, to enhance the cooperation and innovation among educational institutions, research organizations and enterprises, to optimize the government and raising funds system of higher education. It deserves our government to pay attention.