助聽器公司銷售員提供國小聽力損失學童助聽器服務情形之探究

Services provided by Hearing Aid Dealers to Hearing Impaired Students of Elementary Schools

本研究旨在探討國內助聽器公司銷售員提供國小聽力損失學童(以下簡稱聽損學童)助聽器服務的情形。本研究係採叢集取樣方式，選取臺灣地區北、中、南、東4區131位國小聽損學童的家長，以研究者自編之「助聽器公司銷售員提供國小聽損學童助聽器服務問卷」進行調查。本研究的結果如下：1.有將近七成(68.7%)的國小階段聽損學童曾接受過早療的服務。2.聽損學童的平均診斷年齡為31.91個月，平均助聽年齡為0.97個月。當主要照顧者為母親時，其助聽年齡及診斷年齡均顯著小於主要照顧者為父親時。其中，前者的診斷年齡及助聽年齡分別為28.83個月及37.51個月；後者則分別為44.75個月及53.20個月。3.多數家長在助聽器的選購及維修上，係採取較為積極的態度。4.助聽器銷售員平均提供約14項服務，「提供率」約七成(14/19)，其中，「提供保養助聽器的方法」及「告知選配流程」是助聽器公司最常提供的選配服務，而「助聽器送修時，提供備用助聽器」則是助聽器公司最不常提供的服務。整體而言，聽損學童家長對於助聽器公司所提供的服務乃持肯定的態度。5.孩童曾接受早療服務，以及曾到過助聽器公司參觀的家長，其孩童所接受的服務項目，會顯著多於未有此兩種經驗的家長。6.聽損學童接受服務項目的數量會因居住地區的不同而有顯著差異，其中，居住於東區的學童，其所獲取的服務數量顯著低於北、中、南3區的學童，至於北、中、南三區，彼此之間則未顯現出明顯的差異。本研究並根據上述結果，於文末提出若干建議，供國內教育當局、聽語界人士、助聽器公司及學生家長等參考。

The purpose of the study was to investigate hearing aid (HA) services provided by HA dealers to hearing impaired students of elementary schools. The study was conducted through cluster random sampling. A self-composed questionnaire， ＂Hearing Aid Services Provided by HA Dealers to Elementary School Students with Hearing Impairment＂， was used to collect data from 131 parents whose children were hearing impaired at elementary schools. Data analyses comprised percentage， arithmetic mean， standard deviation， t-test， and ANOVA. The results were as follows. 1. About 70% of the subjects received early intervention. 2. The average diagnostic age and the aided age of the hearing impaired students were 31.91 months and 40.97 months， respectively. If the mother was involved as the major care person， the average diagnostic age and the aided age would be significantly earlier than if father was the care person. 3. Most parents take positive attitude on selection and maintenance of their children's hearing aids. 4. Among the total 22 items of services in the questionnaire， HA dealers offered 14 of them (72.68%). ＂Offering methods in maintenance of hearing aids＂ and ＂informing parents of the HA selection and fitting procedures＂ were the services that hearing aid dealers provided with the highest frequencies， whereas ＂offering another HA when the student's HA was sent to be repaired＂ was the one that HA dealers offered the least. 5. For those parents who have visited HA companies and those whose children have received early intervention， they received more services from HA dealers than those parents who haven't had these two experiences. 6. There was a significant difference in the amount of HA services for hea ring impaired students among different districts. Students who lived in eastern Taiwan received the smallest number of services than other districts. However， there was no significant difference among other 3 districts.