從政策工具觀點分析客家產業輔導政策

The Research of Hakka Industry Guidance Policy from Perspective of Policy Instrument

政府為輔導客家文化產業創新發展，將客家文化融入於視聽藝術、數位網路與精緻生活產業中，成為高附加價值，且能跨越族群邊境的文化創意產業，並選擇具有發展潛力的客家特色產業，協助其全方位的發展。有鑑於政策工具在政策執行扮演重要的功能，本研究透過文獻分析與深度訪談，從政策工具的觀點，檢視客家委員會使用的政策工具，包括輔導改善產業體質、協助拓展行銷通路、培育特色產業人才、整合行銷特色商品等作法的成效與執行問題。研究發現客委會輔導計畫對於客家產業給予廣泛定義，從輔導資源的運用而言，並非最有效率。此外，政策工具的執行以活動辦理與產品包裝為主，雖然有助於民眾了解客家文化或是客家產品，但不易形塑客家人才培育的廣度與深度。研究建議可以更精確界定客家產業的範圍、辦理全國客家特色產業的基礎資料調查及資料庫建置、從產業價值鏈觀點執行輔導工具。

Recently, the research on local-characteristics industry has developed vigorously. Among them, industrialization of Hakka culture and products has become the major concern. The Council for Hakka Affairs has sought to facilitate the integration of culture and industry in Hakka areas, working to develop cultural and leisure industries with Hakka characteristics, thereby creating new jobs and contributing to the preservation and development of Hakka culture. For achieving this goal, the government endeavors to improve the infrastructure suitable for the development of specific local Hakka cultural industries, and help integrate local cultural business by building a cooperative network among them. In view of policy instruments playing an important function in the policy implementation process, the research presents an empirical study to analyzing the effectiveness of policy instruments used by the government. Those policy instruments include improvement of physical infrastructure, expansion of marketing channels, and integration of marketing characteristics of goods. The study finds that the definition of Hakka industry can be more specific to improving the efficiency of policy resources utilization. Policy instruments for the implementation of activity-based and product packaging could help people understand Hakka culture products. However, it is not easy to improve the breadth and depth of Hakka personnel training. The research suggests that the government can be more precisely defined the scope of the Hakka industry, implementation of the survey of national Hakka characteristics as the database, and design of industry policy instruments from value chain the point of view.