澳洲高等教育學費政策及其啟示

Australian Higher Education HECS-HELP Policy for the Higher Education Tuition Fees in Taiwan

澳洲政府在2003年「我們的大學：支撐澳洲的未來報告書」預算二中增加學費標準的彈性，提出學費上限的概念，但也可能產生類似全額學費的爭議。2004年公布的「2003年高等教育支助法」，透過增加高等教育機構的補助以及學生的支助，如增加貸款方案與規模、提高貸款償還門檻等措施，藉以促進入學公平。在2005年開始，高等教育受益分攤機制(HECS)結合HigherEducation Loan Programme (HELP)，取代原先澳洲政府在高等教育對學生的支助，而HELP中包含三個不同的貸款計畫：HECS-HELP，FEE-HELP和OS-HELP藉以援助學生高等教育的教育成本。故本文首先介紹澳洲高等教育學費制度的發展、HECS-HELP，其中在HECS-HELP的制度被視為是較佳的一種制度，學生在就學期間可以選擇不必先繳納學費，待將來畢業之後收入超過一定水準時才依照不同的收入償還學費。其次介紹我國高等教育學費制度現況與助學措施，最後分析澳洲學費政策，並對我國高等教育學費提出下列建議：一、改善貸款措施。二、提供弱勢族群之就學機會。三、建立合理的大學學費考量模式，訂定明確的學費調漲範圍。

In 2003， “Our Universities: Backing Australia’s Future” the second budget to increase the tuition and fee more flexible and put forward the concept of tuition cap， but may also produce similar controversy over tuition fees. In 2004 “Higher Education Support Act 2003”， institutions of higher education by increasing subsidies， as well as student support， such as increasing the size of loan programs and increase loan repayment threshold and other measures in order to promote the fair enrollment. In 2005， higher education benefit from the sharing mechanism (HECS) with Higher Education Loan Program (HELP)， replaced the previous Australian government support for students in higher education， while the HELP bill includes three diff erent loan programs: HECS - HELP， FEEHELP and OS-HELP assistance for students in higher education to the cost of education， which in the HECS-HELP system is seen as a better system， students can choose the period in the school do not need to pay tuition fees， After graduation， to be in the future when income exceeds a certain level of income to repay according to different fees. And then the system of higher education tuition fees for the current situation， a view through the Australian policy on tuition fees of higher education to bring the following suggestions: First， to improve the loan policies. Second， the school should provide opportunities for disadvantaged groups. Third， to establish a rational consideration of mode of university tuition fees， set a clear scope of the tuition fees went up.