《毛澤東語錄》的民間日語翻譯及其意識形態

The Non-Official Japanese Translations of Quotations From Chairman Mao Zedong and Their Ideologies

二十世紀60年代中國發生文化大革命後，積極對外宣揚毛澤東思想，輸出革命，其中一個手段是翻譯《毛澤東語錄》（《毛語錄》）傳播到全世界。日譯版是《毛語錄》最多的外語版本，大多為民間翻譯。不論是歷史學、翻譯學，至今對《毛語錄》的研究相當匱乏，而學界過往對翻譯與意識形態的研究集中在文學與宗教文本，對政治文本及其日語翻譯涉獵較少。對此，本文透過比較《毛語錄》民間日語譯版的譯文、註釋，考察政治文本的翻譯與譯者意識形態的關係，探索不同的意識形態有無或如何介入翻譯之中。

Since the Cultural Revolution in China in the 1960s, China had been actively promoting Mao Zedong’s thought abroad and exporting the revolution, and one of the means of doing so had been to translate the Quotations From Chairman Mao Zedong (or Mao’s Quotation) and disseminate them to the world. Japanese language is the most widely used foreign language version of Mao’s Quotation, and most of them have been translated by non-official Japanese. There is a dearth of research on the Mao’s Quotation in history and translation. Studies on translation and ideology have focused on literary and religious texts, but not on political texts and their Japanese translations. This paper examines the relationship between translations of political texts and the ideologies of the translators by comparing the translations and notes of the non-official Japanese translations of the Mao’s Quotation, and exploring whether or how different ideologies intervene in the translations.