中文摘要 |
本研究根據日文與中文關於第三人稱代名詞的相異處,針對日文母語話者與以中文為母語之日文學習者進行會話調查。得到以下結果:日文母語話者與日文學習者不只對於說話者知道的人物,也確認到對聽話者知道的人物使用第三人稱代名詞(彼・彼女)稱呼的用法。另外,使用第三人稱代名詞之前,導入性別相關資訊的比例相對較高。然而,日文母語話者很少使用第三人稱代名詞稱呼自己的老師,也未觀察到使用第三人稱代名詞稱呼聽話者的老師的用法。此結果顯示「彼、彼女」不太使用於稱呼上位者。與此相對,日文學習者使用的「彼、彼女」中,用來稱呼說話者的老師比例超過整體的兩成,也觀察到使用第三人稱代名詞稱呼聽話者的老師的用法。也就是說,關於「彼、彼女」的指示對象的種類,日文學習者的使用傾向與日文母語話者不同,可能受到中文第三人稱代名詞的用法影響。另外,本研究也發現隨著學習者日文能力的提高,第三人稱代名詞的用法逐漸趨近於日文母語話者的使用傾向。 As for this study, a conversation investigated Japanese native speakers and Japanese learners of Chinese native speakers based on the difference of 3rd person pronoun in both languages. The conclusion is as follow. Both Japanese native speakers and Japanese learners were not only using the 3rd person pronoun for the people whom they knew, but also for someone they did not know. In addition, the percentage was high if the gender information was introduced before the use of 3rd person pronoun. On the other hand, the Japanese native speakers had few uses of the 3rd person pronoun for the teacher of the speaker, and the use for the teacher of the listener was not observed. In contrast, Japanese learners not only used 3rd person pronoun for their teacher more than 20 percent, but also used 3rd person pronoun for the teacher of listener. That means, as to the type of referents, Japanese learners were different form the Japanese native speakers. It might be influenced by the use of Chinese. Furthermore, the Japanese learners gradually approached Japanese native speakers as ability for Japanese improved. |