國中生男女生的學習成就差異之研究

The Differences in Academic Achievement Between Boys and Girls in Junior High School

本研究探討七年級、八年級及九年級男女生在八個領域的學習成就差異，以基隆市國中生學習狀況調查資料庫的1,587筆資料進行探究，其中男女學生各有747與840名。由於基隆市各所學校之間的學習成就評量方式不同，透過標準分數轉換之後，再以HotellingT2進行檢定，結論顯示：七年級、八年級及九年級男女生除了數學、健體領域的學習成就沒有明顯差異之外，六個領域的學習成就都有明顯不同，其中女生在國文、英語、自然、社會、藝文、綜合領域的學習成就明顯高於男生。尤其男女生在英語學習成就的差距最大。本研究特色在於發現，女生在自然領域的學習成就高於男生，男女生在數學學習成就沒有明顯差異，這與傳統社會刻板印象不同。這些結論提供學校、教師及學生在縮減男女生學習成就差距改善策略之參考。

This study explored the differences in eight domains of academic achievement between boys and girls in grades 7, 8, and 9 respectively. It analyzed 1,587 data from the survey database of junior high school stu¬dents in Keelung city, of which there were 747 and 840 male and female students respectively. Due to the evaluation of academic achievement among schools in Keelung city, the measurement methods were differ¬ent. After the conversion of the standard scores, the Hotelling T2 is used for the test. The conclusion showed that: except for the learning achieve¬ments in mathematics and physical fitness, there was no significant dif¬ference between boys and girls in the seventh, eighth and ninth grades respectively. There were significant differences in achievement, among which the academic achievement of girls in Chinese, English, natural sci-ence, society, arts and literature, and comprehensive domains were sig¬nificantly higher than that of boys. In particular, the gap between male and female students in English learning achievement was the largest. The special feature of this study was that it is found that female students have higher academic achievement in natural science than boys, and was no significant difference in mathematics learning achievement between boys and girls, which was different from traditional social stereotypes. These conclusions provided a reference for schools, teachers and students to improve strategies to reduce the difference in academic achievement be¬tween male and female students.