從信息結構觀點看翻譯之「信」

Fidelity in Translation: from the View Point of Information Structure

本文首先探討語言邏輯結構、語法結構及信息結構之歷程及其差異。繼之輔以數例說明若能正確分析句子之語法結構有助於瞭解句子的信息結構。最後再透過法、漢互譯的例子來探討翻譯三要素信雅達之「信」之包含。「信」之所指不僅是文字上的忠誠翻譯，亦須考量原文信息結構的翻譯。亦即當我們在做翻譯時，原文詞序的問題也應該從訊息結構的關點來做考量，進而將結構的意義盡可能在譯文中作呈現。

This paper, firstly, discusses the history and differences among logical structure, syntactic structure and information structure. Then, a few examples are given to explain if it is possible to analyze the syntactic structure of each sentence correctly that is helpful to understand its information structure. Finally, through the French and Chinese examples and their inter-translation, this paper will discuss the concept of fidelity in the three elements of fidelity, fluency and elegance of translation. Not only does the fidelity mean the translation of words but also the information structure in the original texts should be considered while doing translation. In other words, it is necessary to consider the information structure in the original texts and to present the meanings of structure as accurate as possible in the TL when doing translation.