英文摘要 |
Evidence from around the world suggests that the profession of teaching induces a high level of job stress and job burnout. If individuals regularly experience severe job stress and its accompanying physical and psychological effects, they can experience fatigue in both physically and mentally challenging work situations (Brewer & McMahan, 2003; Platsidou & Agaliotis, 2008; Taylor, 1999). The most obvious antecedent of job burnout is job stress, with job burnout regarded as an extension or consequence of a prolonged period of job stress (Hung & Chen, 2009; Schaufeli & Buunk, 2003; Shirom, 2003). This study focused on the topic of job burnout in relation to teachers, and this study employed the three dimensions of burnout identified by Maslach and Jackson (1981) as the main reference framework; according to the confirmatory factor analysis results of each dimension, the two dimensions of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization were applied as variables. The first goal of this research was to explore the effect of job burnout in teachers, as reflected in their use of instant messaging apps beyond official work hours. The rapid development of information technology has gradually changed conventional cognitive approaches toward work, with the boundary between work and personal time being increasingly obscured or disappearing entirely (Derks et al., 2014). Because the work environment of teachers requires them to interact with students, parents, colleagues, and school supervisors, the content of their messages sent using instant messaging apps beyond work hours is both diverse and complex. If instant messaging app use is a long-term work requirement, such use may exert physical and mental pressure for teachers and become a source of stress and a cause of job burnout (Bakker & Sanz-Vergel, 2020; Liu et al., 2019). According to relevant national and international research, teachers' job stress is divided into three dimensions, namely the 1. stress of teaching, guidance and discipline, 2. administration, and 3. interacting with parents. The second goal of this research was to explore whether teachers use instant messaging apps for work purposes beyond official work hours, and if such use induces job stress, which can lead to job burnout. |