軀幹與籃板夾角對投籃命中率的表現

The influence of the angle between the basketball player's torso and the backboard on the field goal percentage

籃球是一項靠分數多寡來決勝負的運動，穩定且成熟的投籃動作有助於提高命中率，多數研究僅探討出手角度等參數，而沒有深入了解軀幹所影響的層面。目的：透過跑位接球投籃軀幹與籃板的角度，找出影響投籃的因素，進而提升選手的投籃命中率。方法：受試者共2位（1位校隊球員，1位系隊球員），於室外籃球場使用2台Basler pia640高速攝影機（200Hz）拍攝投籃動作，並以Kwon3D動作分析系統分析所拍攝之投籃動作，利用Labview軟體計算投籃時之肩峰連線、髖關節連線與罰球線所形成的夾角進行分析。收集受試者在跑位接球投籃過程中接球與出手時所產生的角度各20顆，受試者在出手同時透過出手的感覺來告知是否會進球。結果：校隊選手投籃命中率優於系隊選手，出手感覺會進的比例相同，校隊選手在投籃時，肩、髖與罰球線夾角皆呈現穩定的角度型態，系隊選手無此現象；在接球到出手的總移動角度中，校隊選手的髖與罰球線夾角皆大於肩與罰球線夾角，且移動角度比系隊選手多，髖與肩關節則呈現規律的趨勢。結論：校隊選手利用髖關節來帶動身體使之保持平衡，所以推論髖關節對於投籃命中率有一定的影響程度，建議加強髖關節周圍肌力，使之增加投籃命中率。

Basketball is a sport whose results depending on the score. The stability and proficiency of the player's shooting performance could increase the field goal percentage. However, many studies only focus on the player's shooting angle, they do not consider how the player's physical body relates to the basketball backboard. Purpose: Locate the factors affecting player's shooting through the angle between the player's torso and the backboard to improve the field goal percentage. Method: Two subjects in the experiment (1 varsity player and 1 department player). Two high-speed cameras (Basler PIA640, 200Hz) for the outdoor basketball court for motion capture. We use the Kwon 3D motion analysis system and LabView to calculate and analyze the angles between the acromion and the freethrow line and between the hips and the freethrow line. We collected 20 trials of the angles between the shoulders and the freethrow line and the hips and the freethrow line during catch and shooting of each player. And we also asked each player how they predict if they can score a goal after their shootings. Results: Field goal percentage of the varsity players are higher than the department players. In general, varsity players also feel more confident/predict more scoring than the department's players. After trials, the angles between the shoulders, hips and the freethrow line of a varsity player are more consistent than a department's player. During the catch and shooting movement, the angles between hips and the freethrow line for a varsity player are greater than his shoulders and the freethrow line. Additionally, the moving angles of a varsity player are greater than a department's player. Thus, we can see the regular pattern of the movement between hips and shoulder joints. Conclusion: Varsity players use their hip joints to drive the entire body to keep their balance. Therefore, the hip joints influence the field goal percentage to some level. It is recommended to reinforce the muscular strength around the hip joint to increase the field goal percentage of a basketball player.